Section A
· Impact of digital technology as reliable source of input for rational decision making is a debatable issue. Critically evaluate with suitable example. 2021
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· What do you understand by term ‘good governance’? How far recent initiatives in terms of e-Governance steps taken by the State have helped the beneficiaries? Discuss with suitable examples. 2022
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· Online methodology is being used for day-to-day meetings, institutional approvals in the administration and for teaching and learning in education sector to the extent telemedicine in the health sector is getting popular with the approvals of the competent authority. No doubt it has advantages and disadvantages for both the beneficiaries and system at large. Describe and discuss the ethical issues involved in the use of online method particularly to vulnerable section of society. 2022
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·
The
application of Artificial Intelligence
as a dependable source of input for administrative rational decision-making is
a debatable issue. Critically examine the statement from the ethical point of
view. 2024
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· Owing to paucity of time, a university professor generates a Ph.D. evaluation report using Artificial Intelligence and submits it with some modifications. Discuss this from the perspective of accountability and integrity. 2026
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KPSC 2025 – Ethical Issues of AI-based Face Recognition System
As the Police Commissioner of a metropolitan city,
you have introduced an AI-based facial recognition system to enhance security
and crime prevention. The system can track potential criminals and monitor
public spaces in real time. However, concerns have emerged: civil rights
activists argue that it violates privacy and may be used for mass surveillance;
reports suggest that AI has biases, leading to wrongful identification of
marginalized groups. Law enforcement officers support the system, claiming it
has reduced crime. Tech companies and political leaders push for expanding AI
use, citing national security.
(a) How
will you ensure that AI-based policing remains ethical, unbiased, and respects
individual privacy?
(b) What
safeguards will you implement to prevent misuse of AI by law enforcement
agencies?
(c) If
the AI system incorrectly flags an innocent person as a criminal, what
accountability measures should be in place? (300 words | 20 marks)
Ravi
is a senior police officer with vast experience in riot control and
cyber-policing. Since one year, he has been the Superintendent of Police (SP)
of a district with a history of frequent rioting.
Last year, Ravi had sought installation of an AI-enabled software for predictive policing. This system has been operational for approximately six months. This system employs advanced algorithms for capturing the biometric data of persons in a crowd and swiftly relating it to a data library. This has enabled the police to identify the persons involved in various crimes.
The system has identified an immigrant and low-income neighbourhood as a centre for gang violence and drug trafficking. Aided by this AI analysis, the local police has focused its patrolling, preventive detentions and establishing checkpoints. Consequently, public order and law enforcement has visibly improved.
Last week, some community leaders, civil rights lawyers and human rights activists visited Ravi’s office. They submitted a memorandum that the new system is faulty as it is based on incorrect historical data caused by social biases and discriminatory policing. The memorandum also alleges that the increased surveillance has created a climate of tension amongst residents. This feeling is aggravated by the fact that the residents are not aware of the data noted against their names.
- What are the ethical issues including biases involved in the use of AI in data-driven policing?
- Place yourself in Ravi’s role and discuss the alternatives available. Justify the action that optimises compliance with ethics.
10. Vikas is a government officer
with over a decade of service in public administration. He has recently moved
as the District Collector (DC) of Naipinura, a remote hilly district bordering
a forest. Due to Naipinura’s low levels of economic development, one of his
major duties is to ensure proper functioning of the public distribution system (PDS) amongst
the economically weaker sections (EWS).
During his on-site visits, Vikas was apprised of a typical administrative challenge in operating the PDS. To prevent leakages, all distributors were required to carry out real-time biometric identification of the beneficiaries, whose fingerprints were tallied with identity card records. This was creating problems as the operating system sometimes rejected fingerprint matching in the cases of growing children, manual labourers and senior citizens. The problem was further compounded in periods of low WiFi connectivity. The distributors, in such cases, resorted to personal discretion when they could identify the recipient.
Vikas had to address this problem on priority. Strictly adhering to government regulations would ensure fiscal probity but would greatly trouble the proposed beneficiary, i.e. EWS. It may even impinge on their fundamental right to life as per Article 21 of the Constitution. Conversely, leaving the resolution solely to the discretion of the distributors could lead to misuse and leakages.
(a) What are the options open to Vikas? How should he balance fiscal probity with empathy towards the designated beneficiaries?
(b) Discuss the ethics of using technology as a gatekeeper for welfare schemes.
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